# Watermarks and granulations

The abundant and gilded obverse of the cross presents a double network of particularly rich scrollwork called watermarks. This technique consists of making smooth, twisted or braided metal wires using a hollow file. They are then assembled or welded to form an openwork surface which will finally be applied to the object. The whole, of high quality, incorporates a rich vegetal decoration composed of leaves, flowers and grain fruits - two elements formed by granulation. Granulation is a technical process characterized by the creation of small metal balls joined and welded to each other.

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